Majestic Wine PLC - Report on Business Performance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3105 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Level High school Did you like this example? Majestic Wine PLC, Report on Business Performance Executive Summary Majestic Wine Plc. opened its original wine warehouse in 1980. This Wood Green, North London warehouse merged in 1991 with Wizard Wine, which, at that time belonged to Iceland, the frozen food group, (Sunday Times, 2010, p1). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Majestic Wine PLC Report on Business Performance" essay for you Create order Majestic Wine was listed on the Alternative Investment Market in 1996. It acquired Lay Wheeler In 2009, a specialist in Burgundy and Bordeaux products (Sunday Times, 2010, p1). The retailing of wines, beers and spirits is its principal business activity (Majestic Group, 2009, p1). This business report analyses the group performance for two financial years, to 29th. March, 2010. It recommends, on the basis of appropriate performance ratios, (detailed in Appendices 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 4), that shareholders should buy more shares. Shareholders should augment their investment significantly if the group management shows an aggressive and focused plan for achievement of its objective of retailing from 250 stores, along with the deployment of a more aggressive capital gearing ratio and sharper operations management. 1. Introduction Majestic has grown more than 12 fold from 1985, when it had only 12 shops, to 152 shops in 2010. It aims to expand its shop strength to 250 during the coming decade (Sunday Times, 2010, p1). Its sales are at a 10 year high, a result of the discarding of its policy of retailing only 12-bottle cases. Off-licences, (establishments selling alcohol for consumption off the premises), could in the 1980s operate only for a few hours every day, and even fewer over weekends. Warehouses circumvented this rule by posturing as wholesalers, thus compelling their customers to buy bulk 12-bottle cases (Goodway, 2010, p1). Steven Lewis, the feisty CEO of Majestic, tested and subsequently rolled out, from November 2009, a model allowing customers to buy lots of 6 bottles at a time (Goodway, 2010, p1). The policy was instrumental in increasing the number of customers by 54000 to 472000 in the course of a year (LSE, 2010, p1). The objective of this Business Report is to recommend to the sha reholders of Majestic Wine PLC on augmentation or reduction of their investment in the company. 2. Analysis 2.1. Group Operations The detailed computations in respect of the following ratios, relating to profitability, short-term liquidity and working capital, and long-term solvency are detailed in Appendix 1 3. Profitability Ratios Appendix 1: (LSE, 2010) Year 2010 2009 (1) Gross Profit Ratio 21.3% 20.6% (2) Net Profit Ratio 4.8% 1.6% (3) Return on Investment (ROI) 21.0% 6.9% Short Term Liquidity Working Capital Ratios Appendix 2: (LSE, 2010) Year 2010 2009 (1) Liquidity of Receivables Days 18 21 (2) Liquidity of Payables Days 99 113 (3) Current Ratio 0.99 0.94 (4) Acid-Test/Quick Ratio 0.30 0.27 (5) Cash Ratio 0.090 0.061 Long Term Solvency Ratios Appendix 3: (LSE, 2010). Year 2010 2009 (1) Debt Equity Ratio 0.15 0.18 (2) Capital Gearing Ratio 0.13 0.15 (3) Interest Cover Ratio 35.6 34.6 The profitability ratios of the company reflect a marked improvement in terms of revenues, cost of sales and ROI. Most organisations opt to keep their debt low and cut their debt at the earliest (Jablonsky Barsky, 2001). Whilst such inclinations arise from the need to be conventional and secure in business, excessive eagerness to diminish debt frequently leads to poor utilisation of obtainable debt, higher costs and uneconomical capital gearing (Jablonsky Barsky, 2001, p 7-15). The long-term debts ratios reflect under capitalisation. The low gearing ratio reflects risk adverse tendencies, which can lead to slow growth in future. The practically unchanged working capital ratios reflect the maintenance of sub-optimal liquidity levels. The weak acid-test ratio can lead to a difficult situation if the need for liquidity arises on account of contingencies that need to be swiftly addressed. 2.2. Group Performance The group turnover for the 52 week period ending 29th March, 2010 at  £33.2m was up 15.6 percent, with the profit before tax at  £16.0m rocketing by an incredible 117 percent (LSE, 2010, p1). Appendix 4 summarises the group performance, as reported in the Preliminary Results for 2010. The Group has experienced strong cash generation during 2010, with operational cash-flows of  £21.2m during the year. This figure is  £5.7m more than the  £15.5m generated during the previous year, and has essentially come about from the improvement in the underlying profit before tax during 2010. The Distribution and Administrative Costs have increased by 15.6 percent during 2009-10 as compared to the previous year. The EBIT (Earnings before finance costs and taxation) rose by 118.3 percent during the same period. The Profit before Taxation (PBT) grew sharply from  £7.4m to  £16.0m during 2009-10 year, registering an increase of 117 percent. The sales to private customers, which make up the mainstay of the business, have shored up well, even though sales to corporate customers has been unsatisfactory. The companys French operations have been hurt by a stronger Euro (Majestic Group, 2009, p1). This contributed to an exceptional non-cash charge of  £5.33m in 2009, which arose from the writing-down of the carrying value of the companys French retailing operations, Wine and Beer World (Majestic Group, 2009, p1). The companys purchase policy of reducing the minimum purchase of 12 bottles to 6 has led to excellent results, even as it needs to be recognised that it may be difficult to replicate this years soaring profits next year, because of the challenges involved in manoeuvring even more supermarket customers through its shop entrances (ODoherty Kuchler, 2010, p1). Majestic is nevertheless working towards seizing mid-market space with a number of value-adding schemes like developing sales to gastro pub s, increasing its wine-tasting programmes, and growing its fine wines business (ODoherty Kuchler, 2010, p1). Majestics market share at 3.4% leaves abundant room for growth (ODoherty Kuchler, 2010, p1). Its share is trading at approximately 14 times its forecast earnings for 2011, higher than the average of its peer retailers, which are trading at an average of 12 to 13 times. Majestic, ODoherty Kuchler, (2010, p1) feel merits the premium and some more. The companys results are remarkable, considering that the underlying profit growth of 26 percent in 2010 has been achieved after accounting for the reduction of  £5.3m in the carrying value of the French operations (Hemming, 2010, p1). The business is well positioned to capitalise on its core strengths as the economic environment starts improving (Majestic Group, 2009, p1). The companys acquisition of Lay and Wheelers fine wine business in 2009 has contributed  £12.4m to 2010 sales (LSE, 2010, p1). It is to the credit of the group that the total dividend for the year has been raised by 5.1 percent, to 10.3p per share, against last years 9.8p, despite continuing market pressures (LSE, 2010, p1). The underlying basic earnings per share (EPS) for 2010 at 18.4p were 31.4% higher than the 2009s 14.0p. The underlying diluted EPS for the same period at 18.3p rose 30.7% against the previous years figure of 14.0p. The basic EPS for 2010 at 18.4p was 247.2% more than the 2009s 5.3p. The diluted EPS for 2010 at 18.3p was 245.3% more than the 5.3p achieved in 2009 (LSE, 2010, p1). The average transaction expenditure at  £129 for 2010 is 4 percent lower than 2009, despite a growth of 14.6 percent to 1.7m in transaction numbers (LSE, 2010, p1). The UK like-for-like sales for the 10 week period from 30th.March, 2010 to 7th.June, 2010 rose 7.3 percent (LSE, 2010, p1). The company is expected to improve its sales in future. The retailers professional credentials and good service levels have produced considerable loyalty amongst its patrons, which will be of assistance in the present economic climate. Majestic will also probably not be impacted by the recommended changes to alcohol pricing as its focus is more on the superiority of its offering than on its price (TradingMarkets.com, 2010, p1). It is recommended that shareholders should steadily increase their investments. Larger positions should be taken if the group management shows persistent and aggressive efforts to achieve its growth target of 250 sites within a decade and change its conservative capital gearing. The company however needs to address its short term liquidity in order to be ready for short-term contingencies. 2.3. Mission Statement An exhaustive search of corporate information on the company reveals that Majestic does not have a well-defined official mission statement. The company nevertheless aims to continually increase its retail outlets and open more than 250 in the coming 10 years. The company also strives to provide high quality wine and excellent service to its customers. The achievement of these objectives can be considered to be its mission. The companys strategy focuses on increasing retail outlets and providing excellent value across product and price ranges and extraordinary customer service (Majestic Group, 2009, p1). The companys commitment to its mission is demonstrated by the steady increase in the number of retail outlets over the years and the numerous quality and performance awards it has won in a competitive scenario. The company has increased the number of outlets from 12 to 150 in the last 15 years. It was awarded the High Street Chain of the Year, in 2008, by the International W ine Challenge Awards. The Group was also awarded The Specialist Wine Chain of the Year by Decanter magazine in 2008 (Majestic Group, 2010, p1). The companys strength in customer services emanates from its policy of recruiting and retaining high quality graduate level staff, its continual investment in comprehensive training programmes, (widely accredited as best in the wine industry), and its focus on customer service, product knowledge and management (Majestic Group, 2010, p1). Majestic augments its specialist credentials by focusing on staff training. New staff members are encouraged to obtain the Wine and Spirits Education Trusts (WSET) Advanced Certificate in six months. Several employees train further. Approximately 150 staff members presently have, or are qualifying for the WSET Diploma, even as 7 of Majestics personnel received Excellence Awards from WSET in January 2010 (TradingMarkets.com, 2010, p1). Majestic distinguishes itself from its competitors is by cul tivating strong customer relationships (TradingMarkets.com, 2010, p1). The company hosts numerous events, like wine tastings, and courses to enhance customer knowledge of wine (TradingMarkets.com, 2010, p1). Such approaches, combined with high service levels, have facilitated the retailer in trading its clientele up the value chain (TradingMarkets.com, 2010, p1). Majestic aims to enhance its fine wine credentials by putting up fine wine display sections in all its stores in the next two years. Approximately around 50 percent of its present stores have such sections (TradingMarkets.com, 2010, p1). 2.4. Environmental Policies Official communication by Majestic is noticeably silent on its environmental policies. Study of information available on the companys marketing strategy however reveals that the company is actively committed to a sustainable environmental policy of following green policies in its marketing operations (PRLog, 2010, p1). The company stocks a carefully grown assortment of red and white organic wines. Such wines are created from organically produced grapes, developed to ensure taste and value for money, and are suitable for vegans and vegetarians (PRLog, 2010, p1). Majestics online marketing manager, Jamie McRonald explains that organic wine production is difficult and expensive since grapes are vulnerable to weather and animals. Such constraints make farmers disinclined to organic grape production (PRLog, 2010, p1). Organic wine is the ultimate part of the organic riddle, with fungicide and pesticide-free grapes maturing slowly on sun-soaked vineyards sans chemical safety, intervention or stimulation (PRLog, 2010). Whilst organic wines are by and large rarely stocked by the bulk of wine retailers because of their higher costs, Majestic actively stocks and sells organic wines. Such support will encourage farmers to take up organic farming and grow grapes without the use of environmentally damaging chemical fertilisers and pesticides. The company locates its stores off High Streets. Whilst this decision stems from its policy of keeping rentals low, it helps in reducing petrol expensive traffic jams in busy shopping areas. Majestic should however aggressively adopt and publicise environment friendly policies because of its influential position in the supply chain. A relevant area of focus could be the collection, reprocessing and disposal of recyclable waste material. 2.5. Competitor Analysis: Strengths and Weaknesses The retail wine market in the UK is intensely competitive; it is highly fragmented and basically serviced by supermarkets and off-license retailers (Management Today, 2007, p1). Majestic thus faces competition from other off-license retailers and supermarkets. Supermarkets have over the years continuously increased their share of the wine market (Management Today, 2007, p1). Led by Tescos and ASDA-Walmart, supermarkets are increasing their sales of wines at the cost of off-license establishments, whose numbers fell from 5430 to 4400 between 2004 and 2009 (Management Today, 2007, p1). The recent winding up of the off-licence chain First Quench, a direct outcome of intense competition from supermarkets, led to the loss of 6000 jobs (Management Today, 2007, p1). Whilst Majestic competes with supermarkets and off-licence chains and shops, its major competition obviously arises from supermarkets like Tesco, ASDA, Sainsburys and Waitrose (How, 2006, p1). This competitive analysi s of strengths and weaknesses treats supermarkets as one generic form of competition, even though there could be differences in the strategies, capabilities and weaknesses of individual supermarket chains (How, 2006, p1). The national supermarket chains provide formidable competition to majestic wines. Their physical spread is immense and they are present in all High Streets, as well as in smaller towns and in rural settlements (Management Today, 2007, p1). They stock a huge variety of foods and household items as well as wines and attract far more footfalls than specialised wine retailers like Majestic. Such larger numbers of footfalls translate into greater sales because people tend to club food and wine purchases (Management Today, 2007, p1). Supermarkets are also by and large better located and many of them have substantial parking facilities, which help in attracting customers. Supermarkets also have the advantage of lower overheads, very substantial buying and stockin g capacity, and bargaining power over suppliers. This enables them to offer better prices and work with lower margins (Management Today, 2007, p1). Whilst supermarkets have much strength, it needs to be recognised that wines are only one of their many products and management attention towards selling of wines in supermarkets is far more diluted than in Majestic, a company which literally breathes and lives wine. The difference in attention and commitment thus leads to comparatively lesser market aggression and customer service. Supermarket employees are certainly less conversant with wines than those of Majestic. It is also possible that the smaller supermarket outlets may not have all customer wine preferences. Majestic is dedicated to the retailing of wines. The companys strength arises from its very substantial management and staff capabilities in the sourcing, stocking and retailing of wines (TradingMarkets.com, 2010, p1). The companys employees are extensively trained in different aspects of wine retailing, and it strives to stock an extensive range of wines, including those made from organically grown grapes (PRLog, 2010, p1). The company however suffers, in comparison to supermarkets, from fewer and unfavourably placed outlets, higher overheads, and lesser footfalls (ODoherty Kuchler, 2010, p1). The company counters this by locating its outlets off High Streets and uses its financial strength to buy wisely and extensively (ODoherty Kuchler, 2010, p1). It delivers at home and engages in numerous customer friendly activities to build customer loyalty (ODoherty Kuchler, 2010, p1). References Comiskey, E. E., Mulford, C. W., 2000. Guide to financial reporting and analysis, New York: John Wiley Sons. Davey, J., 2009, Majestic Wine first-half profit up 9 pct, news.stv.tv, Available at: news.stv.tv//137498-majestic-wine-firsthalf-profit-up-9-pct/ United Kingdom (accessed July 03, 2010). Goodway, N., 2010. Majestic Wines simple strategy tramples on supermarkets, London Evening Standard, Available at: https://www.thisislondon.co.uk/markets/article-23846082-majestic-wines-simple-strategy-tramples-on-supermarkets.do (accessed July 01, 2010). Greenwise, 2010. Lightweight bottle helps wine industry cut CO2 and waste, Greenwise Staff, Available at: https://www.greenwisebusiness.co.uk/news/lightweight-bottle-helps-wine-industry-cut-co2-and-waste-1453.aspx (accessed July 01, 2010). Hall, J., 2010. Tax rises drive wine makers out of UK, Telegraph.Co.uk, Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/7488682/Tax-rises-drive-wine-makers -out-of-UK.html (accessed July 01, 2010). Hemming, R., 2010. Majestic Wine profits skyrocket, JancisRobinson.com, Available at: https://www.jancisrobinson.com/articles/a201006143.html (accessed July 01, 2010). Hoovers.com, 2010. Company Description Majestic Wine PLC, Hoovers Inc, Available at: https://www.hoovers.com/company/Majestic_Wine_PLC/rtftxci-1.html (accessed July 01, 2010). How, T., 2006, Majestic Wines: Tim How, www.growingbusiness.co.uk, Available at: www.growingbusiness.co.uk à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ º à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ º Success Stories (accessed July 03, 2010). Jablonsky, S. F., Barsky, N. P., 2001, The Managers Guide to Financial Statement Analysis (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley Sons. LSE, 2010. Preliminary Results, Regulatory Story, RNS London Stock Exchange plc, Available at : https://www.londonstockexchange.com/exchange/prices-and-news/news/market-news/market-news-detail.html?announcementId=10530622 (accessed July 01, 2010). Majestic Group, 2009. Annual Report and Acco unts 2009, Majestic Wine PLC, Available at: https://maj-cms.snowvalley.com/upload/pdfs/Investors/results2009.pdf (accessed July 01, 2010). Management Today, 2007, The death of the off-licence, Available at: www.managementtoday.co.uk/news/978758/the-death-off-licence/(accessed July 03, 2010). ODoherty, J. Kuchler, H., 2010. Majestic Wine benefits from new approach, The Financial Times Ltd. FT.com, Available at: https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ca12d6a8-777d-11df-802a-00144feabdc0.html (accessed July 01, 2010). PRLog, 2010. Have You Tasted Our Simply Sublime Organic Wines? PRLog.com, Available at: https://www.prlog.org/10513815-have-you-tasted-our-simply-sublime-organic-wines.html (accessed July 02, 2010). Robinson, J., 2010. When a bottle is better than a case, The Financial Times, June 12, 2010, Available at: https://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/925f00f0-74e0-11df-aed7-00144feabdc0.html (accessed July 01, 2010). Robinson, J., 2007, Britains independent wine merchants mushroom, Avail able at: www.jancisrobinson.com à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ º Free for all (accessed July 03, 2010). Siciliano, G., 2003. Finance for the non-financial manager, New York: McGraw-Hill. Starups, 2010, Off-licence, Available at: www.startups.co.uk à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ º à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ º Business buyer guides(accessed July 03, 2010). The Sunday Times, 2010. Briefing: Majestic Wine, The Sunday Times, Times Newspapers Ltd., June 13, 2010, Available at: business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry/article7148907.ece (accessed July 01, 2010). TradingMarkets.com, 2010. Majestic Wine results reveal vintage year, TradingMarkets.com, Available at : https://www.tradingmarkets.com/news/stock-alert/mjwnf_majestic-wine-results-reveal-vintage-year-982636.html (accessed July 01, 2010). Wilson, A., 2010. Majestic Wine sales havent lost their fizz, Telegraph.co.uk, Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/7734138/Majestic-Wine-sales-havent-lost-their-fizz.html (ac cessed July 01, 2010). Appendices Appendix 1: Profitability Ratios (LSE, 2010) Year 2010 2009 Sales  £000 233220 201794 Cost of Sales  £000 183528 160148 Gross Profit Margin  £000 49,692 41,646 (1) Gross Profit Ratio Gross Profit Margin/Sales 21.3% 20.6% Profit after Taxation  £000 11280 3,262 (2) Net Profit Ratio Net Profit /Sales 4.8% 1.6% Net Worth  £000 53,648 47,616 (3) Return on Investment (ROI) Profit after Tax/Net Worth 21.0% 6.9% Appendix 2: Short Term Liquidity Working Capital Ratios (LSE, 2010) Year 2010 2009 Current Assets Inventories  £000 38511 37752 Trade Other Receivables  £000 11594 11531 Financial Instruments at Fair Value  £000 233 834 Cash and Cash Equivalents  £000 4774 2572 55,112 52,689 Current Liabilities Trade Other Payables  £000 49778 49724 Bank Overdraft  £000 2453 3950 Current Tax Liabilities  £000 2461 1515 Other Current Liabilities  £000 1079 899 55,771 56,088 (1) Liquidity of Receivables Days Accounts Receivables * 18 21 Days in year / Annual Sales (2) Liquidity of Payables Days Accounts Payables * 99 113 Days in year / Cost of Sales (3) Current Ratio Current Assets/Current Liabilities 0.99 0.94 (4) Acid-Test/Quick Ratio Current Assets less Inventories / Current Liabilities 0.30 0.27 (5) Cash Ratio Cash + Marketable Securities / Current Liabilities 0.090 0.061 Appendix 3: Long Term Solvency Ratios (LSE, 2010) Year 2010 2009 Long Term Debt  £000 7810 8495 Shareholders Funds  £000 53648 47616 LT Debt + Shareholders Funds  £000 61,458 56,111 (1) Debt Equity Ratio Total Debt / Shareholders Funds 0.15 0.18 (2) Capital Gearing Ratio L.T. Borrowing / (L.T. Borrowing + Shareholders Funds 0.13 0.15 Earnings Before Interest Tax (EBIT)  £000 16466 7542 Interest Costs  £000 462 218 (3) Interest Cover Ratio EBIT / Interest Costs 35.6 34.6 Appendix 4: Company Operational Performance (LSE, 2010) Year 2009 2010 Variance  £000  £000  £000 Sales 201794 233220 15.6% Cost of Sales -160148 -183528 14.6% Gross Profit 41,646 49,692 19.3% Distribution and Administrative Costs -29404 -34003 15.6% Goodwill Impairment Charge -5331 -100.0% Other Operating Incomes 631 777 23.1% Operating Profit 7,542 16,466 118.3% Profit on Disposal of Property Profit before finance costs and taxation (EBIT) 7,542 16,466 118.3% Finance Revenue 55 7 -87.3% Finance Costs -218 -462 111.9% Profit before taxation (PBT) 7,379 16,011 117.0% Income Tax -4117 -4731 14.9% Profit after Taxation (PAT) 3,262 11,280 245.8%

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string(31) " Illegal immigrants come to U\." Immigration Reform Team C – Sivi Contreras, Jenifer Navarro, Angela Hernandez BCOM/275 February 5, 2013 Gloria Flores ABSTRACT The debate over immigration has become one of the most heated arguments. Immigrants leave their home countries desperate need for food to feed their families, unemployment purposes, their poverty conditions environment, for those who are employed are tired of the below market wages, and the unequal treatment. Today they are about 11 million undocumented workers in the United States and Americans fear that because of this matter, immigrants will increase cost, overwhelm the country, and change American society. We will write a custom essay sample on Immigration Reform or any similar topic only for you Order Now Immigration Reform Immigration statistics will prove how rapidly immigration is increasing, including the importance of the Dream Act, the Immigration reform, and its pros and cons. Systems that will help families that want to be in the United States, but in return help the economy. The purposes of the new Immigration reform are to accomplish a new economic picture, by creating ideas of improving our border security; workplace enforcement; to help those whom are seeking permanent residence; and new ways to improve the immigration system. Statistics They are about 12 to 15 million undocumented workers and families illegally in the United States and about 1,042,625 are obtaining legal permanent resident. California and Texas are the top states with the highest population of immigration. New York Times article included that this year’s cost of immigration was 13,000,000,000, including 52,000,000,000 for education, and 1,400,000 number of illegal immigrant households that use at least one welfare service. In a (2007) report the heritage foundation added that â€Å"For every $1 they contribute to Social Security, low-skilled illegal aliens withdraw $10 in total government benefits. Just looking at one federal benefits program, Social Security, is sure to lead a person to a wrong answer because there are more than 60 different federal benefit programs. Their children born in the US are, or one person in the household is legal and can get benefits that help everybody in the household, or the individuals use fraudulent documents to obtain benefits. † What will charts look like in the future with this matter? Most of us that consider â€Å"green card† are a legal document allowing an immigrant to live and work in the United States. Another form for immigrants that does not require labor purposes is a Refugee. A Refugee is known as a form of protection for those whom cannot return to their original hometown because of fear of being harmed. In 2011 a total of 56,384 persons were approved to go to the United States as refugees. Part of the immigration reform is to bring a better life to any human who fears their country because of persecution of race, religion, and nationality. About 9,550 individuals who applied were approved for asylum with travel documents to enter the United States and 24,988 individuals were granted asylum. These statistics were based on 2011 reports and are rapidly increasing because of this matter we are starting to worry. The Heritage Foundation addressed that the illegal alien lobby frequently touts the statistic that illegal alien workers contribute $7 billion each year to Social Security. But it costs $14. 2 billion each year to imprison illegal aliens for other crimes they commit. It’s as if they are putting money into one of Uncle Sam’s pockets, while pilfering twice the amount from the other (2007 report). If this immigration continues to grow at this level nation’s population will increase from 301 million today to 468 million. Dream Act What is Dream Act? It is the legislation that provides immigration status to undocumented immigrants who entered United States while being minors. During 2001 the original bill was called the development relief and education for alien minors act. The public engagement of the white House posted on their web 10 reasons why they needed the Dream Act. Summarizing argument’s that two secretaries including other people have made for the act. The dream act will help our economy marketing easier for immigration enforcements efforts on undocumented immigrants â€Å"Who pose a threat to our country† (Zehr, 2010,). The development relief and education for aliens minors act or dream act provide a path for legalization for undocumented high school graduates who meet the requirements of completing two years of college, military service, have entered United States before the age of 16, must be between the age of 12 and 35 to complete the application, good moral character, and no criminal record. If the congress passed the dream act it would add $329 billion to U. S. economy impacting it by $181 billion creating 1. 4 million new jobs and more than $10 billion increase revenue by 2030. Many Dream Act opponents call it an immigration amnesty. They say the proposal would immediately reward immigrant children with conditional lawful permanent resident status – and, in just a few years, they would become U. S. Citizens. Their criticisms do not reflect how immigration agencies operate immigration reform will be addressed by the Obama administration this year. Republican senators they were ready to announce the outline of a broad immigration reform bill that would include a path to â€Å"earned legalization† for immigrants living illegally in this country. The pros of the dream act is that there are currently 13 to 20 million illegal immigrants in the United States we cannot deport them all but there is a solution The Dream Act will make a difference having a highest portion of graduates by 2020 increasing taxes and the service. Nelger Carrera is a writer of theroundupnews. com he is describing the con of Dream Act. â€Å"He thinks that President Barack Obama gain votes from Hispanics so he could win the presidency. † † (Carrera, 2011,) an article online had a quote from columnist George Will saying that we are importing poverty from other countries. That is why poor people from other countries are coming to United States for the reason that the money they make here is a fortune compared to where they use to live. Illegal immigrants come to U. You read "Immigration Reform" in category "Essay examples" S. to make or ask for money example welfare, financial aid or any dream act benefits. We all are to benefit from The Dream Act for the reason that the economy will rise for everyone not just immigrants. The Dream Act is a common sense proposal that would benefit not just those who qualify for it but all Americans as these young people they can one day become leaders in our communities, churches, and Nation. â€Å"Five Moral Arguments Against The Dream Act†, Copyright  © Townhall. com. All Rights Reserved. ). Five moral arguments against The Dream Act were, The Dream Act fulfills the parents principle reason for breaking the law in the first place, The Dream Act would touch-off an even greater wave or illegal immigration, Th e Dream Act absolves illegal aliens of their fundamental responsibilities as parents, The absence of a reward or benefit is not the same as a punishment, and Adults have the obligation to do the right thing, even if their parents have done the wrong thing. (Sen. Dick Durbin (D-Ill. There will always be different points of views and opinions on any type of legislation especially when it comes to a controversial topic such as immigration. Pros and Cons to Immigration Reform. As with any debate there are pros and cons to this issue, and immigration reform is no different. According to â€Å"Procon. org† (n. d. ) website â€Å"The top ten areas that create a lot of debate are: Using the term â€Å"illegal alien†, Amnesty, Deportation, Mexican Border Fence, Civilian Border Patrols, Terrorist Threat, Economic Burden, Drivers licenses for Illegal Aliens, Using State and local Law Enforcement vs. National Only, and Border Militarization. † Two of the areas that we will discuss are Amnesty and Deportation. Amnesty has been a sore spot for many Americans who feel that the undocumented immigrants would get a free pass to becoming citizens. Others feel that due to the volume of people that fit the category of undocumented immigrants, there should be a reform, and Amnesty is an option. On the PRO side of this debate, According to Thornburg (2007) â€Å"Whether you fine illegal aliens or stick them in English classes or make them say a hundred Hail Mary’s, at the end of the day, illegals would be allowed to stay and become citizens. â€Å"That’s amnesty, and that’s a good thing for America. Amnesty won’t depress wages – globalization has already done that. Amnesty will not undermine the rule of law. It sounds counterintuitive, but with immigration, forgiving a crime may be the best way to restore law and order. † (Thornburg, 2007). A mnesty won’t necessarily add to the social-services burden. Amnesty would offer millions a fighting chance at self-sufficiency and social mobility. † (Thornburg, 2007). On the CON side: â€Å"Do not grant amnesty to illegal aliens. Regardless of the penalties imposed, any program hat grants individuals who are unlawfully present the legal permission to remain here rewards illegal behavior and is unfair to those who obey the law and go through the regulatory and administrative requirements to enter the country legally. † (Heritage, 2007). â€Å"Those who enter the United States illegally should not be rewarded with permanent legal status or other such benefits, and they should be penalized in any road to citizenship. Those who enter and remain in the country illegally are violating the law, and condoning or encouraging such violations increases the likelihood of further illegal immigration. (Heritage, 2007). In regards to deportation we have heard many positions, especially during the Presidential debates. Governor Romney wanted for illegal immigrants to â€Å"self deport† meaning make things so difficult for them that they have no choice but to go back to their country. Some of the views on the PRO side, According to (Guzzardi, 2007) â€Å"deporting aliens is as easy as one, two, and three. The next time you hear U. S. President George W. Bush or U. S. Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff say how impossible immigration enforcement is, remember this simple formula: one, go to where you know aliens are; two, arrest them; three, deport them. Don’t bother asking where aliens hang out. † The better question is where they aren’t hanging out. Go to a bus stop, a taco truck, a convenience store, the post office or an auto repair shop. (Guzzardi, 2007). â€Å"No need to round them all up at once. Just arrest one or two every day at different locations around town and the message will soon get out. † (Guzzardi, 2007). On the side of CON: â€Å"I have listened to and understand the concerns of those who simply advocate sealing our borders and rounding up and deporting undocumented workers currently in residence here. But that’s easier said than done. † (McCain, 2005). I have yet to hear a single proponent of this point of view offer one realistic proposal for locating, apprehending, and returning to their countries of origin over 11 million people. How do we do that? It would take 200,000 buses extending along a 1700 mile long line to deport 11 million people. That’s assuming we had the resources to locate and apprehend all 11 million, or even half that number, which we don’t have and, we all know, won’t ever have. † (McCain, 2005). The country has been divided for decades, however with the new Immigration Reform initiatives that have unfolded over the past two weeks, it is apparent that President Obama, wants to make a decision on this issue. The politicians are coming together to put a plan together and do what is right for the country. The teams consensus believes in Immigration Reform and we want to see something passed where those that are in this situation, can remain in the United States legally, and that will not tear apart families. We believe we all have the right to a better future and that our country was founded on immigrants. In the pros and cons, the human factor is what persuaded us to be in favor of immigration reform. References Balanced Politics. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. balancedpolitics. org/immigration. htm Carrera, N. (2011, September 28). Con: DREAM Act. theroundupnews. com. Retrieved from http://theroundupnews. com/2011/09/28/con-dream-act/ Department of Homeland Security. (2012). Retrieved from http://www. dhs. gov/immigration- statistics Dream Act 2013. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. dreamact2009. org Five Moral Arguments Against the DREAM Act. (Copyright  © Townhall. com. All Rights Reserved. ). Retrieved from http://townhall. com/columnists/iramehlman/2011/07/01/five_moral_arguments_against_the_dream_act/page/full Guzzardi, J. (2007). Procon. org. Retrieved from http://www. procon. org Heritage Foundation. (2007). Retrieved from http://www. heritage. org McCain, J. (2005). Procon. org. Retrieved from http://www. procon. org Policymic. (2012). Retrieved from http://www. policymic. com/articles/21399/immigration ProCon. org. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. procon. org Thornburgh, N. (2007). ProCon. org . Retrieved from http://www. procon. org US Immigration Reform. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. usaimmigrationreform. org How to cite Immigration Reform, Essay examples Immigration Reform Free Essays Immigration Reform â€Å"The early North American Indian made a great mistake by not having an immigration bureau,† (Anonymous) Besides the United States upon immigrants that migrated from Europe. If we are saying that legal immigration should not be permitted, then, maybe most of the American white population should not be permitted to live here as well. For United States, the term immigration reform is usually used to describe proposals increase legal immigration while decreasing illegal immigration. We will write a custom essay sample on Immigration Reform or any similar topic only for you Order Now While a lot of thought had been given to deal with various aspects of illegal immigration, very little attention is given to legal immigration. Questions are asked like, â€Å"Is immigration the general good of the country? † or â€Å"Most immigrants work the low-paying jobs, how are they given any opportunity? † Immigration reform should be used to increase legal immigration because it is beneficiary to both the U. S. and the immigrants. Legal immigration is best for immigrants because it gives an opportunity of an improved life for struggling people all over the world. It gives the legal immigrants a chance to get paid enough to feed their families when job opportunities were few, and show their skills. Many groups throughout history had sought opportunities, and had immigrated all over the world and have had success that helped grow them into a better and prospering nation and people. For example, this country, the United States was built on immigrant who sought opportunity, political, and religious freedom. (http://www. balancedpolitics. org/immigration. tm) If our country has grown from the foundation of such people, why wouldn’t immigrants come to America to achieve a better opportunity? Many opportunities are given to legal immigrants such as the right to citizenship and job opportunities for unemployed workers. Legal immigrants can gain citizenship through the process of naturalization. This allows them to have the same rights as the people of the country and people that fewer job opportunities in their own country, causes that may var y to population etc. , can shine their skills in America. Also, after World War II immigrants poured into the United States and formally accepted refugees that usually marked by war. (Opening and closing doors, pg 8) They have escaped from Hitler’s rein, from the endless persecution of the Jews. These refugee immigrants escaped the clutches of death, persecution, and torture to find a place to live where they have the opportunity to live in peace. Many lives can be improved if the kindness of America can extend to the legal immigrants who seek opportunity; sometimes we have to place ourselves in their shoes and we should want what is good for everyone. Legal immigration is beneficiary to the United States because some of the most intelligent and ambitious individuals bring their skills to America. Legal immigrants can get good jobs and make a difference with their knowledge that is to the advantage of the U. S. It offers limitless ways for a â€Å"nobody† to become great. Many individuals come here to study and eventually migrate. For example, many U. S. universities try to seek the best international students from all over the world. They want the best to come into the country because they might help and build U. S. ’s future someday. It also helps the U. S. be technologically advanced. U. S. gets these smart and skilled people that build and research many things. The ideas floating in all those heads that come from different places of the world help solve many common problems and come from different perspectives. These perspectives revolutionize technology because they are added into a general and common knowledge that resolves everyone’s concerns. Many third world countries also stifle entrepreneurship. People become fed up of living in poverty, corruption and try to seek better lives. They come here to make something better of themselves so, they will try their best with their skills that will help the U. S. Carlos Alberto Montaner, Cuban writer, journalist, and former professor states the question, â€Å"†¦why is it that creative people don’t emerge in the Third World, capable of developing innovative products and building companies that market those products, create jobs, generate large profits and influence decisively the fate of this planet? He comes to the conclusion that the Third World countries stifles entrepreneurship and â€Å"†¦ offers only hindrances, corruption, parasitic bureaucrats who demand bribes to not paralyze people’s projects; it is manned by individuals well connected with the political power, who protect their businesses from free competition, thus harming the consumers. † (http://bandwidthbarn. ordpress. com/2008/09/02/third- world-crushes-its-entrepreneurs/) So, who will want to live in these harsh conditions and suffer when they have the ability to do more by immigrating? The best will come, because they know they will be able to survive with their skills. The ambitious and skilled individuals will most likely want enter the â€Å"land of opportunities† How to cite Immigration Reform, Essay examples Immigration Reform Free Essays Immigration and Immigration Reform Haley Johnson Axia College of University of Phoenix Thesis Statement: More and more immigrants are coming in to the United States each year, and we as a nation should truly reevaluate our immigration policies. Immigration and Immigration Reform The number of illegal immigrants who come into the United States each year is staggering, and the numbers just keep on increasing. Three million illegal immigrants come into the United States every year. We will write a custom essay sample on Immigration Reform or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Bush 2009) This has been an increasing problem, and one that greatly affects the United States and its citizens. More and more immigrants are coming in to the United States each year, and we as a nation should truly reevaluate our immigration policies. [pic] Immigration has been responsible for religious changes, cultural change and population growth throughout the history of the United States. The political, economic, and social aspects of immigration have created much controversy in regards to religion, ethnicity, job security, job growth, economic benefits, where people live, not to mention impact on upward social growth, amount of criminal activity, moral values, and work habits. As of 2006, the United States has allowed more illegal immigrants to become permanent residents, more than any other country in the world. (Bush 2009) Some of these reforms can be clearly seen in a study performed by The Center of Immigration Studies. For example in â€Å"1995 immigration costs us a net $29 billion a year. That was more than the combined budgets of the Departments of State, Justice and Interior. ) Those costs include areas such as education, health care, and welfare programs used by immigrants. That estimate would be much higher today, because the wave of illegal immigration has continued unchecked, and legal immigrant admission has continued to grow to a historically high level. † (The center of Immigration Studies 2005) [pic] Illegal immigrants have also placed a strain on our educational system, according to the center of immigration studies (2005), a study was performed in 2004 that stated that taxpayers were spending $28. 6 billion dollars in school and school related coast â€Å"each† year. Costs Table from the October 1996 Huddle Study | |Program (amounts in billion $s) |Legal |Illegal |Total | |Public Education K-12 |$14. 38 |$5. 85 |$20. 23 | |Public Higher Education |$5. 55 |$0. 71 |$6. 26 | |ESL and Bilingual Education |$2. 82 |$1. 22 |$4. 04 | |Food Stamps |$2. 81 |$0. 85 |$3. 6 | |AFDC |$2. 71 |$0. 50 |$3. 21 | |Supplemental Security Income (SSI) |$2. 76 |n/a |$2. 76 | |Housing |$2. 37 |$0. 61 |$2. 98 | |Social Security |$21. 92 |$3. 61 |$25. 53 | |Earned Income Tax Credit |$3. 69 |$0. 68 |$4. 37 | |Medicaid |$11. 3 |$3. 12 |$14. 55 | |Medicare A and B |$5. 49 |$0. 58 |$6. 07 | |Criminal Justice and Corrections |$2. 32 |$0. 76 |$3. 08 | |Local Government |$15. 32 |$5. 00 |$20. 32 | |Other Programs |$18. 41 |$9. 25 |$27. 66 | |Total Costs |$111. 98 |$32. 74 |$144. 0 | |Less Taxes Paid |$82. 38 |$12. 59 |$94. 97 | |Net Costs of Direct Services |$29. 60 |$20. 16 |$49. 76 | |Displacement Costs |$10. 96 |$4. 28 |$15. 24 | |All Net Costs |$40. 56 |$24. 44 |$65. 00 | |Percent of Net Costs |62. 4% |37. 6% |100% | Table By (The center of Immigration Studies 2005) This and other forms of abuse on the U. S have been the topic of much controversy on how this problem should be dealt with. There has been a multitude of different opinions on, how and what we should do at the border. What we should do with immigrants who are currently living in the United States; and how all of these illegal immigrants have impacted the economy of the United States. These are a few of the reforms that former President Bush had proposed so as to slow down the number of illegal immigrants that come into the United States each year. The return and removal of illegal immigrants from the United States is one of the most widely discussed topics. Since 2007the United States Customs and Border Protection (ICE) has returned or removed over 1. 2 million illegal immigrants from the United States. ICE has expanded its Criminal Alien Program to included incarcerated criminal illegal aliens. In 2007, ICE identified 164,296 convicted criminals who were incarcerated in Federal, state and local penitentiaries (These are people who came into the United States illegally and committed a crime. These people were sent back to their native counties once there prison term was completed. There has also been an increase of fugitive teams from 15 in 2005 to 75 in 2007. These â€Å"teams† are sole responsible for removing fugitive aliens from the United States then transporting them back to there native countries. (Bush 2009) Improving border security is another important factor in the Country’s continued efforts in protec ting our borders. More than 85% of apprehended illegal immigrants are from Mexico, most are immediately returned across the border within 24 hours. But there are â€Å"non –Mexican† immigrants that are apprehended and cannot be immediately retuned, those people are given a court date to return (75 percent of those people failed to appear), this is a direct result of there simply not being enough bed space available in the detention centers. Out of 160,000 non-Mexicans last year only 30,000 were, in fact, sent home. (Bush 2009) The United States also faces other immigration challenges, like what to do with illegal immigrants once they are already â€Å"in† the country. After all most of our agricultural farming is done by illegal immigrants. Former President Bush came up with some procedures to regulate the influx of immigrants coming into the United States to perform these labor intensive jobs. By establishing these new persuaders and regulations the agricultural community will still receive the labor it needs to run effectively, thereby reducing the cost and helping our economy prosper. DHS is working on regulations to streamline H-2B Program and to allow X amount of green cards to be given to illegal immigrants and migrant workers, that way they could be more easily tracked. That way the government can collect taxes from them, which will improve our economy, while still allowing the agricultural community to still use seasonal or day laborers. (Bush 2009) Then there is also the fact of illegal immigrants who are already currently in the country. What should be done with them? Former President Bush came up with some more ideas. He had devised a revised Naturalization exam that was completed in September of 2007 and worked to get a free web-based program so immigrant can learn English. This is being completed by the Education Department) Also he had arranged for the Office of Citizenship to provide knowledgeable volunteers to assist illegal immigrants through the citizenship and naturalization process, free of charge. (Bush 2009) Even though all these measures have been put into effect so as to slowdown the amount of illegal immigrants that come in each year though our borders, there are still THREE Million people entering the United States illegally each year. Bush 2009) In 1986 Congress decided to amend the Immigration and control act of 1952. Congress felt the immigration was getting â€Å"out of control† and there needed to be a change, about thirty to fifty percent of the growth in the U. S was due to illegal immigration. So Congress felt that the best way to deal with the problem was eliminate the incentive for people to come into the country illegally, to make it harder for employers to hire illegal’s and for them to receive government benefits. But this tactic seamed futile, since then illegal immigration has just grown. [pic] So what should be done, to lessen the flow of illegal into the United States? And who should be held accountable? President Barack Obama has stated that he wants to improve our immigration System. One of the ways is by giving citizenship to illegal immigrants who have children born in the United States so to allow families to remain together. In addition President Barack Obama plans to remove all incentives for people to cross the borders. President Barack Obama plans to do that by cracking down on employers that are â€Å"knowingly† hiring illegal immigrants. He also has plans to work with Mexico so as to improve their economic growth, there by reducing the need for people to cross the borders illegally, so as to obtain jobs needed to support themselves and there families. (Obama 2009) Times are changing, our county is facing a financial crisis where we can no longer stand by and allow our countries money and recourses to be used up by illegal immigrants. We have to protect our borders; I propose that we spend less money on government â€Å"Bail of money† and we put more money and our recourses into protecting our country. In turn this will help our economic growth, by placing less of a strain on our hospitals ($250 million each year) and our education expenses ($28. 6 billion dollars annually). The government should make it a rule at â€Å"every† undocumented persons receiving these types of benefits should be sent back to their county. Let they own country of origin have to deal with these billion dollar expenses. New Jersey is considered one of the states that have the highest growth in illegal immigration. Every day there illegal’s waiting on the corners to be picked up as day labors. Why dose INS not check more frequently and pick up these â€Å"know† illegal’s? Instead INS and the local police department’s turn a blind eye. INS should make random spot checks in know immigrant communities and business so as to lessen the amount of illegal immigrants that come into the United States. Besides there being an economic drain of the United States illegal immigrants can be a â€Å"security risk† to the U. S. All of the billions of dollars that are being given out to these fortune five hundred companies should be redirected towards our countries security and financial stability. Each year more illegal immigrants come into this country taking away our jobs, not allowing our dollar to circulate within the country, there by not permitting the money to circulate through the United States, as well as placing a finical drain on our country. We as the people of this fine country need to reevaluate what we plan to do about this increasing problem. Decide what can be done and put those thoughts into action. Remember there are THREE million illegal immigrants coming into this country each year (Bush 2009) and over $28 BILLION dollars going towards illegal immigrants, education, medical expenses, and government programs. (The center of Immigration Studies 2005) References Page The White House  (2009) Website has many intrusting new policies about immigration reform. White House. (2009). Immigration. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from http://www. whitehouse. gov The Website Barack Obama (2009) lays out what Barack Obama will do once he pronounced president. Obama, B, (2009). Plan for immigration. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from http://www. barackobama. com Federation for American immigration reform (January 2009) provides statistical and legal issues regarding immigration in the U. S (2009) Immigration. Retrieved May 11, 2009 http://www. fairus. org/site/PageServer? pagename=research_research9605 NA. (2006, June) â€Å"Economy factors into immigration debate. †Ã‚  American City County  121. 6  . Retrieved May 11, 2009 from General OneFile. Database Rytine, N. (2002, October) â€Å"Effects of Immigration Reform and Control Act legalization through 2001. † , â€Å"Exhibit 1-IRCA Legalization: Temporary Residence, Permanent Residence, and Naturalization through 2001,† in IRCA Legalization Effects: Lawful Permanent Residence and Naturalization through 2001, U. S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Citizenship and Immigration Services. Retrieved May 11, 2009 Gale Virtual Reference Library Byram, J. (2004, March) â€Å"Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. †Ã‚  Major Acts of Congress. Ed. Brian K. Landsberg. Vol. 2. New York:  Macmillan Reference USA,   2004. 2  pp. 3  vols. Retrieved May 11, 2009 Gale Virtual Reference Library Immigration and Immigration Reform 11 References Page Holland, H. (2008, November)  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Government contractors hiring undocumented workers: national security implications and solutions. †Ã‚  Public Contract Law Journal  36. 2  (Wntr 2007):  263(14). Retrieved May 11, 2009 from  General OneFile Database Fennelly,K. (2007, February)†U. S. immigration: a historical perspective. †National Voter 56. 2:4(4) Retrieved May 11, 2009 from General OneFile Database How to cite Immigration Reform, Papers

Arthur Miller’s Crucible Essay Example For Students

Arthur Miller’s Crucible Essay When we think of the United States we think of equality and justice for all people no matter how far back you go back in our history. Sadly, this hasn’t always been the case, in this land of hope and freedom peoples lives have been taken unjustily to pursue outlandish stories of witchcraft. Native people have been removed from their home land, forced to travel thousands of miles under harsh conditions just so settlers could push on to the gold rich lands. The witchcraft trials epicted in Arthur Miller’s Crucible and the removal of the Cherokee Nation from Northern Georgia to Okalahoma are only a couple events that blacken part of our great nation’s history. Even though the Salem witch trials and the Trail of Tears (Cherokee removal) were separate events in time they were both motivated by intolerance, ignorance, and the tension built by time itself. Although the forced migration of the Cherokee Nation and the Salem witch trials seem to have little in common they share the same effect, gross injustice to their victims. The Crucible howed us how a peaceful society suddenly was turned upside down when people began to speak of witchcraft causing the arrest and deaths of dozens of innocent salemites. As we look back upon the Trail of Tears we saw how greedy settelers wanted to push west in to resource rich Cherokee lands. This broke the peaceful bond that Cherokee people had shared with the frontier people for many years. When the Government forced the Cherokee to relocate it was like the people of Salem although they didn’t always see eye to eye with each other they kept peace. Then suddenly everything exploded and the people of Salem began to acuse each other of withcraft while in Georgia the U. S. Army showed up to kick out the Cheroke people. Intolerance was a key factor in the problems of the Crucibe and the Trail of Tears. Even though the Cherokee Nation was one the few tribes that adapted to the white mans ways through education, farming and government, they still were not seen as equal. When Cherokee and settlers married their children were excepted more so into Cherokee society than in to the American society. Intolerance is shown in the Crucible from the very begining anything that is not explainable through natural cause is not tolerated and considered the devils doing. As the story progress we find any one who has strayed a bit from the puritian path will be marked and arrested for witchcraft because they are seen as different and when are seen different your seen as doing the devils work. Strict intolerance in puritain society and the slight prejudice held against the Cherokee would lead to crimes against humanity.